The first part, Du Côté de chez Swann, was published in November 1913. In May of 1913 he adopted for this novel the title À la recherche du temps perdu. During the summer of 1909 Proust developed the essay entitled “Contre Sainte-Beuve” into a novel which he would continue to write for the rest of his life.
Gradually, however, all of his planned projects became part of a single larger work.
One of these was supposed to be devoted to Sainte-Beuve. Other articles which appeared during the period 1907-1908 are considered to be preliminary to his novel, into which they were later incorporated.Įarly in 1908 Proust wrote for Le Figaro a series of pastiches in which he imitated the style of Balzac, Michelet, Flaubert, Sainte-Beuve and other prose writers of the nineteenth century.ĭuring this time he began his novel, although he fully intended to continue to write essays of literary, artistic and sociological criticism. In February of 1907 he published in Le Figaro an article entitled “Sentiments filiaux d’un parricide”, in which he attempted to analyze two elements which would be fundamental to his future psychological approach to literature: memory and guilt. Overcome by the death of his mother in September 1905, Proust set aside his literary pursuits for a few months. “Sur la lecture”, the preface to Sésame, contains themes which recur in Du Côté de chez Swann. The prefaces to these early works anticipate Proust’s subsequent stylistic and esthetic development. He published a number of articles on Ruskin, as well as two translations: La Bible d’Amiens in 1904 and Sésame et les Lys in 1906. It was finally published in 1952 as Jean Santeuil.Īfter this second setback, Proust devoted several years to translating and annotating the works of the English art historian John Ruskin. Proust had begun in autumn 1895 a novel which he later abandoned in autumn 1899 and never finished. Under the patronage of the latter, Proust published in 1896 his first book, Les Plaisirs et les Jours, a collection of short stories, essays and poems. He began to frequent salons such as that of Mme Arman, a friend of Anatole France. His literary talent became evident during his high school (lycée) years. Beginning in his childhood and continuing throughout his life, Proust suffered from chronic asthma attacks. His father was a doctor and his mother came from a rich and cultured Jewish family.
Marcel Proust was born to bourgeois parents living in Paris. Biography (Auteuil, 10 July 1871 – Paris, 18 November 1922)
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